Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is a critical, toxin-mediated condition predominantly caused by Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes. Our company offers comprehensive services in the vaccine and therapy development for toxic shock syndrome.
Introduction to Toxic Shock Syndrome
Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is a severe, life-threatening condition primarily caused by bacterial superantigens, notably the toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) produced by Staphylococcus aureus. This syndrome is characterized by sudden onset fever, rash, and multi-system organ failure, often affecting young and otherwise healthy individuals. TSS can arise from various sources, including the use of tampons, surgical wounds, and skin infections, making it a significant public health concern.
Fig.1 Empiric antimicrobial therapeutics of toxic shock syndrome (TSS). (Atchade E., et al., 2024)
Vaccine Development for Toxic Shock Syndrome
Staphylococcal TSS Vaccines
Staphylococcal TSS vaccines focus on neutralizing the toxins produced by S. aureus, such as Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin-1 (TSST-1). The development of these vaccines involves creating recombinant or inactivated forms of the toxins to stimulate an immune response without causing the disease. For instance, the rTSST-1v vaccine candidate, which has undergone clinical trials, is a detoxified double-mutant form of TSST-1 designed to elicit a robust immune response.
Streptococcal TSS Vaccines
Streptococcal TSS vaccines target the pyrogenic exotoxins produced by S. pyogenes, such as Streptococcal Pyrogenic Exotoxins (SpE) A, B, and C, and Streptococcal Superantigen A (SsA). These vaccines aim to prevent the severe invasive infections that can lead to TSS. The development of these vaccines typically involves identifying and neutralizing the specific superantigens associated with severe disease.
Therapeutics Development for Toxic Shock Syndrome
Antibiotic Therapies
The primary drug therapy for TSS involves the use of bactericidal antibiotics to eliminate the causative bacteria. The selection of antibiotics must take into account the susceptibility profile of the infecting strain, with methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) requiring specific therapeutic options.
Immunomodulatory Therapies
Given the hyper-inflammatory state induced by TSS, immunomodulatory therapies aim to dampen the excessive immune response. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) has been used as adjunctive therapeutics to neutralize bacterial superantigens and modulate the immune response.
Our Services
Our company is dedicated to advancing the field of toxic shock syndrome vaccine and therapy development. Through innovative research, robust preclinical services, and a commitment to excellence, we strive to provide effective solutions to meet the requirements of pharmaceutical companies around the world.
Preclinical Research
- Drug Safety Evaluation
- In Vivo Pharmacokinetics Study
- In Vitro Pharmacokinetics Study
- Activity Testing
- Drug Resistance Evaluation
Disease Models
- Mouse Models: Effects of S. aureus, endotoxin and tampons
- Rabbit Subcutaneous Whiffle Ball Models: staphylococcal strain
- Monkey Models: TSS-associated strains of S. aureus
Preclinical research is a critical phase in the development of effective vaccines and therapies. Our company offers state-of-the-art preclinical research services tailored to the needs of toxic shock syndrome projects. If you are interested in our services, please feel free to contact us.
References
- Atchade Enora, et al. "Toxic shock syndrome: a literature review." Antibiotics 13.1 (2024): 96.
- Roetzer, Andreas, Bernd Jilma, and Martha M. Eibl. "Vaccine against toxic shock syndrome in a first-in-man clinical trial." Expert review of vaccines 16.2 (2017): 81-83.
All of our services and products are intended for preclinical research use
only and cannot be used to diagnose, treat or manage patients.
