In the realm of vaccine development, live-attenuated vaccines have emerged as powerful tools in the fight against infectious diseases. Our company is fully committed to the development of live-attenuated vaccines with the primary goal of promoting the prevention of infectious diseases.
What is a Live-attenuated Vaccine?
Live-attenuated vaccines, alternatively referred to as live vaccines, differ from conventional inactivated vaccines. In live-attenuated vaccines, the pathogen remains viable but has undergone attenuation or modification to render it incapable of causing disease while still eliciting a robust immune response. In comparison to inactivated vaccines, live-attenuated vaccines typically elicit a stronger, longer-lasting, and heightened immune response.
Fig. 1 Principles of live-attenuated vaccines (LAVs) using genetic code expansion. (Mossie T, 2022)
Immunological Mechanism of Live-attenuated Vaccines
Live-attenuated vaccines typically induce a broad immune response, harnessing the power of both cellular and humoral immunity.
Cellular Immunity
The involvement of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes (T-cells) is one of the hallmarks of live-attenuated vaccines. These T-cells play a crucial role in recognizing and eliminating infected cells, thereby preventing the spread of the pathogen.
Humoral Immunity
Additionally, live-attenuated vaccines stimulate the production of antibodies by B-cells, further enhancing the immune response against the pathogen.
The combination of T-cell-mediated immunity and antibody production contributes to the establishment of long-term protection conferred by live-attenuated vaccines. This durable immunity often obviates the need for additional vaccine doses in adulthood, making live-attenuated vaccines a valuable tool in infectious disease prevention.
Live-attenuated Vaccines for Infectious Diseases
Live-attenuated vaccines have been successfully developed for a range of infectious diseases, offering effective protection against various pathogens. Let us explore some notable examples:
- Influenza (flu) Vaccines (LAIV)
- Measles, Mumps & Rubella (MMR)
- Polio Vaccine
- Smallpox Vaccine
- Chickenpox Vaccine
- Yellow Fever Vaccine
- Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine
- Shingles Vaccine
- Rotavirus Vaccine
- Cholera Vaccine
- Tuberculosis Vaccine
- Oral Typhoid Vaccine
Our Services
Live-attenuated vaccines have revolutionized the field of disease prevention, offering an effective and durable defense against a plethora of infectious diseases. As a prominent contract research organization (CRO), our company specializes in the preclinical development of live-attenuated vaccines, positioning us as a leader in the field. With abundant professional knowledge and skills, we aim to create effective and safe interventions to combat and prevent a wide range of pathogens.
- Feasibility Studies
We possess the expertise to assist you in evaluating the feasibility of developing a live-attenuated vaccine for your specific target disease.
- Lead Optimization
We help you optimize your live attenuated vaccine candidates by replacing components or improving formulations to enhance their safety and efficacy.
- Attenuation Service
The parental strain is subjected to a series of laboratory techniques to weaken its virulence while maintaining its ability to replicate and stimulate an immune response.
- Preclinical Testing
We are fully equipped to perform necessary preclinical testing, assessing the safety and efficacy of your live-attenuated vaccine candidate in appropriate animal models.
Development Workflow of Live-attenuated Vaccines
Isolation of the Wild-type Strain
We extensively communicate with the clients and determine the pathogen targeted by the vaccine through feasibility studies. Then, our scientists isolate the wild-type strains of the pathogen from infected individuals or animals.
Passaging and Attenuation
The isolated wild-type strains are then passaged in the laboratory using cell cultures or animal models. Subsequently, we employ methods such as serial passaging and genetic manipulation to attenuate the strains, reducing their virulence while retaining their ability to replicate within the host.
Characterization of the Attenuated Strain
The attenuated strain is thoroughly characterized to ensure its stability, reduced virulence, and immunogenicity. This includes studying its growth characteristics, genetic stability, and ability to induce an immune response.
Preclinical Testing
The attenuated strain is tested in animal models to evaluate its safety and immunogenicity. This helps determine the appropriate dosage and route of administration for further testing.
Advantages of Live-attenuated Vaccines
- Production of a robust, strong antibody
- Cell-mediated immune response
- Long-lasting immunity
- Quick onset of action
- Natural antigen presentation
- Potential for broader protection
Through rigorous research, innovation, and collaboration, we strive to unlock new possibilities in the realm of live-attenuated vaccine development. If you are interested in our services, please feel free to contact us for more details and quotation information of related services.
References
- Mossie T. Review on Recent Advance in Veterinary Vaccine[J].
- Karron R A, Atwell J E, McFarland E J, et al. Live-attenuated vaccines prevent respiratory syncytial virus-associated illness in young children[J]. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 2021, 203(5): 594-603.
All of our services and products are intended for preclinical research use
only and cannot be used to diagnose, treat or manage patients.
